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01 30 00 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS

01 35 13 Special Project Requirements

.01 General
  1. This manual of Design and Construction Standards has been prepared by the University to guide Architects and Engineers, hereinafter referred to as the Professional, commissioned to design buildings and other facilities for The Pennsylvania State University.  The information contained herein applies to the University Park Campus and all other Campuses; The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center (MSHMC); and all other locations.
  2. Due to Penn State's size and breadth of operations, many locations have unique operating characteristics and requirements, which must be incorporated into the project by the Professional during design.

.02 Projects at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
  1. As a fully functioning healthcare institution, the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center occupies a unique position within the University system, and therefore has many requirements and regulations that do not apply to other University locations.  The Professional must coordinate all project requirements with the Office of Physical Plant HMC Design and Construction Division, and with MSHMC Facilities Planning & Construction Department.
  2. All construction firms performing work at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center must have their project managers and superintendents ASHE Healthcare Construction Certified.
  3. In addition, the following documents describe specific requirements that apply only to projects at MSHMC.  Where these documents conflict with other requirements in the Design & Construction Standards, these documents supersede other requirements:
DocumentVersion DateDescription
Hershey Architectural & Design StandardsAugust 2006 Describes design and construction standards for all general trades work at MSHMC.
Hershey MEPAugust 2009 Describes design and construction standards for all mechanical and electrical trades work at MSHMC.
Hershey Infection Control PolicySeptember 2011Infection control requirements for all construction, renovation, and maintenance activities at MSHMC.

01 35 20 Safety Requirements

.01 General Safety Considerations
  1. Runaways and ramps should be installed in all buildings where bulk supplies are handled.  Ramps should have a surface providing traction.
  2. All glass and glazed doors used at entrances, stairwells, etc., shall have adequate push plates or bars and proper glass as required by applicable building codes or regulations.
  3. A non-slip nosing shall be installed on all interior stairs. Nosings with grooves or other depressions tending to form trip hazards shall not be permitted. (Carborundum or similar abrasives are not permitted.)
  4. All outside steps must be adequately lighted  Treads and landings should have positive drainage away from the building.
  5. Suitable and guards shall be provided at all places such as stairwells, outside steps, bridges, loading ramps, etc. where persons are exposed to the possibility of falls from one level to another.
  6. All inside lighting fixtures must be placed so relamping can be accomplished with minimum effort and hazard.
  7. Chemical and flammable liquid storage and usage areas will be ventilated sufficiently to remove all fumes and shall be constructed in accord with all applicable codes and University requirements.
  8. For the University piping color code and the usual painting called for under the mechanical trades, the University uses a "Color Code" for the identification of certain equipmentment and piping. See Division 23.

.02 Roof Fall Protection and Prevention

PART 1 - GENERAL

  1. Purpose
    1. The Pennsylvania State University Office of Physical Plant, in its continued dedication to safety, has developed the following minimum standards to improve fall protection and prevention through proper planning, design, construction and maintenance.  These standards are intended to (provide guidance and direction on how to) remove fall hazards, prevent access to fall hazards, restrict movement at fall hazards and/or provide the proper fall arrest equipment as well as assist in the proper selection, care and use of fall protection equipment.  It is Penn State’s goal to provide 100% protection at all roofs.
  2. Applicability
    1. Any project which proposes to add, remove or modify any portion of the roofing system or roof-top serviceable equipment, including new construction.
      1.  Old Main Building is exempt from the requirements of this design standard.  Fall protection methods will be determined by the Fall Protection Team.
  3. Definitions
    1. Old Main Building is exempt from the requirements of this design standard.  Fall protection methods will be determined by the Fall Protection Team
    2. Addition (as stated in IEBC) – an extension or increase in floor area, number of stories, or height of a building or structure.
      1. Fall protection requirements to be the same as required for new construction.
    3. Fall Hazard – condition where distance to adjacent lower level exceeds 48 inches.
    4. Fall Protection Team – The Pennsylvania State University Office of Physical Plant has established a team of individuals including members of the Safety, Design Services, Planning, Design & Properties, Work Control Center, Maintenance Programs, Roof Crew, Project Management Offices and Commonwealth Services to establish, maintain and uphold Fall Protection and Prevention Standards.
      1. This team is available to review roof-related fall protection risk assessment priorities during the preliminary design for concurrence on fall protection scope and approach.
    5. Feasible – Relates to these factors:  cost justification (installation cost, training, personal fall arrest equipment cost, inspection cost, etc), status of personnel utilizing structure (employee, student, public, etc), structural capabilities, and aesthetics.  Final determination made by the Fall Protection Team.
    6. Passive Fall Protection Systems - A “passive” fall protection system refers to a system that is non-dynamic, stationary, and does not move, adapt, or change when in or out of use. Passive systems do not require the use of personal protective equipment or active participation from individuals occupying the roof.  Common Passive systems on campus include parapets and guardrails.
    7. Path of Travel:  The route, whether clearly designated or not with pavers/pads/matting, from the roof access location, along a logical walking path a person would take, to serviceable equipment locations, including paths between serviceable equipment locations, and to other rooftop destinations such as penthouses or enclosures.
    8. Serviceable Equipment: Means such equipment requiring servicing from the roof level such as solar array/structures, HVAC, fan units, exhaust units, air handlers.
      1. The roof surface, roof drains, gutters, cameras/security cameras, antennas, cell towers and equipment on the roof that can be entirely serviced from beneath the roof level, are not considered serviceable equipment
    9. Sloped Roof - for the purposes of this design standard a Sloped Roof is considered a roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12. 
  4. Reference Standards
    1. The following codes and regulations and their appendices, as amended, are hereby incorporated by reference:
      1. IBC requirements (current edition)
      2. OSHA
        1.  1910.29  (Guardrails)
        2.  1910.140  (Personal Fall Protection Systems)
        3.  1910.28 (Duty to have fall protection and falling object protection).
        4.  1910.23 (Fixed Ladders)
      3.  Penn State University Ladder Standard
      4.  Where discrepancies exist between the above requirements/codes/regulations and this document, this document shall take precedence.

PART 2 - REQUIREMENTS

  1. General Requirements
    1.  All roof surfaces and/or impacted material require testing for hazardous materials before removal or penetrating. 
    2. All projects shall consider fall protection requirements at the earliest design phase possible as part of the Prevention Through Design effort and shall be revisited at each subsequent phase to ensure all issues have been addressed.
      1.  Design deliverables include drawings identifying the fall protection hazards and proposed design response.  Responses shall include viability of relocating existing equipment to eliminate the fall hazard.  A separate meeting with the Fall Protection Management Team may be required.
      2. As-Built deliverables include Roof Protection Diagram provided by the designer.  See paragraphs 4 and 5 below for more details.
    3. Passive fall protection systems such as parapet walls and/or guardrails integrated with the design of the building, are preferred in all situations to minimize the need for personal fall arrest systems, and the associated expenses, inspection, maintenance, personal protection equipment and training of such systems.
    4. All projects must consider how roofs are accessed, the condition of the access system, whether the access system is up to current standards, and if a better location or type would minimize hazards and/or improve aesthetics.  Roof access options in order of preference:  Elevator or direct access from man door, interior stairs to man door, interior stair to roof hatch, fixed ladder to roof hatch, exterior fixed ladder.
      1. In certain instances, permanent exterior ladders may not be appropriate such as at canopies or single-story buildings with infrequent access. The team shall consider access with a portable ladder and installation of a portable ladder anchor.  Review required by Fall Protection Management Team.
    5. Planning Design & Properties – University Architect shall be consulted regarding the architectural design and finishes of passive fall protection systems as well as location and finish of access systems.
  2. Project Requirements-

    1. New construction (i.e. new building construction)

      1. 100% protection required.

      2. In order to minimize the frequency of rooftop access, all serviceable equipment shall be located inside the building or outside the building at ground level.

      3. Roof access options in order of preference:  Elevator, interior stairs to man door, roof hatch with stair access, roof hatch with fixed ladder access, and exterior fixed ladder.

      4. Hatches, elevators, interior stairs leading to roof man door, and pathways to serviceable equipment shall be located 15 feet or further from any roof edge. 
      5. Roof ladders shall be concealed from view as much as possible.
      6. Passive fall protection systems such as parapet walls and/or guardrails shall be installed along all rooftop edges.  Parapet walls or guardrails shall comply with all applicable design standards referenced herein.
        1. Canopies and special architectural elements may be excluded if no serviceable equipment is present, subject to review and approval of the Fall Protection Team.  Active protection may still be required.
      7. Canopies excluded if no serviceable equipment is present. 
      8.  Sloped roofs must have permanent anchor points installed to protect 100% of the roof surface.
    2. Roof replacement, including partial roof replacement, at an existing building:

      1.  Passive protection required for all serviceable equipment and/or travel paths less than 15’ from the roof edge included in the work area.

        1. For equipment and pathways within 15 feet of the roof edge, consideration should be given to relocating the equipment or changing it to be serviceable from below to eliminate the condition requiring passive fall protection.
        2. Should the designer determine passive fall protection is not feasible (see definition), the designer shall submit a proposal to the Project Leader for review and approval which includes, but is not limited to, details on the proposed alternative (fixed anchor points or horizontal lifeline system), evaluating the lifecycle cost comparison between the preferred passive system and the proposed alternative system, outlines the required maintenance, inspection and training requirements.  No active systems may be constructed without written approval from the Project Leader where proposed active systems would replace passive system requirements.Where there is serviceable equipment less than 15 feet from the edge, passive fall protection system is required.

      2.    Active fall protection systems shall be provided at all remaining roofs that are included in the proposed roof replacement work area.

      3.   Sloped roofs must have permanent anchor points installed to protect 100% of the roof surface. (See Definition)

    3.  All other roof modifications, including but not limited to new serviceable equipment installations, and retrofit of existing roofs with the sole purpose of providing fall protection:
      1. Proposed new or replacement serviceable equipment and related walking path should be located 15 feet or further from any roof edge.
      2.  Passive protection required for all serviceable equipment and/or travel paths less than 15’ from the roof edge . 

        1. Should the designer determine passive fall protection is not feasible (see definition), the designer shall submit a proposal to the Project Leader for review and approval which includes, but is not limited to, details on the proposed alternative (fixed anchor points or horizontal lifeline system), evaluating the lifecycle cost comparison between the preferred passive system and the proposed alternative system, outlines the required maintenance, inspection and training requirements.  No active systems may be constructed without written approval from the Project Leader where proposed active systems would replace passive system requirement.
      3. Temporary/movable fall protection systems (i.e. portable railing, carts) may be utilized if roof is scheduled for replacement within five (5) years or as determined appropriate by the Fall Protection Team.  No temporary systems may be constructed without consulting the Fall Protection Team and written approval from the Project Leader.
        1. Existing temporary railings encountered near a project area shall be reviewed by the Fall Protection Team.
  3. Technical Requirements
    1. Passive Fall Protection Systems:
      1. Parapet design criteria    
        1. Parapet walls shall measure forty-two (42) inches from top of finished roof grade, be compatible with adjacent building materials and comply with all reference standards.   

      2.  Guardrail design criteria

        1. Guardrails must comply with all applicable reference standards.
        2. Guardrails shall be a minimum of forty-two (42) inches in height as measured from the top of finished roof grade with spacing in accordance with current IBC.
        3. Where guardrails are visible from street level, they shall be designed to blend in or be otherwise minimally visible.  Consideration should be given to sight lines, related/nearby building massing, alternative railing materials and color.  Designs shall be reviewed by the University Architect.
        4. Guardrails where required shall extend six (6) feet beyond edge of serviceable equipment and roof access hatches.
      3. No wood material shall be used.
    2. Active Fall Protection Systems:
      1.  Anchor point design criteria
        1. Anchor points must comply with OSHA design standards found in 1910.140.
        2. Anchor point quantity, spacing and load rating shall be designed to ensure two workers can work concurrently at the same location.  It is the responsibility of the design professional to provide supporting calculations regarding load ratings.
      2.  Horizontal Lifeline design criteria:
        1. Shall be designed in accordance with all applicable codes, regulations and manufacturers’ specifications.
        2. Horizontal Lifelines shall be designed to allow for “pass through” system.  Those designed for use with a Y-lanyard are not acceptable.
        3. Lifeline shuttles or trolleys must be detachable type.

          1. Provide storage unit near roof access point should none exists with adequate capacity.

        4. Consideration should be given to maintain visibility of lifeline while minimizing trip hazards due to snow fall, nearby equipment nearby, etc.  Consult Fall Protection Team.
    3. Marking and Signage
      1. Approved tie off locations shall be marked with stamped stainless steel tag including, but not limited to, the following information:  building number, tie off sequential number, and rating (maximum number of people allowed to hook to).  Tags may be secured on structural member, adjacent to tie off, or wire connected to loop.
      2.  Close out submittal requirement - Contractor shall provide log of tie off sequential number and information with general description of location.  
      3.  Roof Protection Diagram – The design professional shall provide a diagram (CAD drawing, ‘as-built’) to the Project Leader of each roof section that Penn State will post on roof which includes, but is not limited to, the following 
        1. Locations of all fall protection features;
        2. Load rating for each fall protection feature, if applicable;
        3. Maximum number of people permitted on each anchor point, where applicable;
        4. Type of personal protection equipment required at each fall protection feature (i.e. connection devices/lanyard/retractable lanyard, etc.).
    4. Skylights that are not fall protection rated shall be protected per OSHA Section 1910.28(b)(3)(i).

    5. Fixed Ladder Access and Stairs
      1.  Fixed ladder access and/or stairs shall be provided in accordance with OSHA 1910.23 and OSHA 1910.25 respectively.
      2.  Fixed ladders over 24 feet shall be equipped with ladder safety system.
        1. Rigid rail design is required for the ladder safety system.
        2. Trolleys or shuttles shall be located in a secured, labeled box at the bottom of the ladder.
      3.  Fixed roof access ladders over four (4) feet high must have guardrails at the top that extend a minimum of six (6) feet on each side and a self-closing swing gate.  Alternative configurations that provide the same level of protection and reduce the visual impact will be considered by the Fall Protection Team.Guardrails for ladders over four (4) feet in length shall extend a minimum of six (6) feet on each side and the ladder shall be equipped with a self-closing swing gate.
      4.   For full details pertaining to fixed ladder installations refer to the Penn State University - Ladder Design Standards.
    6. Roof Hatch or Scuttle

      1. All roof hatches and scuttles shall be protected in accordance with OSHA 1910.28.

        Figure 1 - example of typical hatch protection
      2. Access to roof hatches or scuttles in new construction shall be by stair.

      3. All roof hatches and scuttles with fixed ladders shall be equipped with at least the following features:

        1. A means of assistance for transition from access ladder onto rooftop (i.e. Ladder safety post, grab bar, folding post, etc.);

        2. Lift assist feature which is shock or spring activated;

        3. Be able to be secured (locked).

      4.  Roof hatches and scuttles shall be appropriately sized to accommodate the type of access (stair, ships ladder or fixed ladder), but in no case smaller than three (3) feet by three (3) feet and shall open at least 70 degrees from horizontal if the hatch is counterbalanced.

  4. AS-BUILTS

    1. At a minimum, as-built drawings shall include, but are not limited to the precise location of all fall protection features with design criteria and identifying information

  5. O&M FROM DESIGNERS

    1. Manufacturer’s maintenance and inspection requirements must be provided by the designer prior to final payment.
    2. Warranty information must be provided by the designer prior to final payment.

 

DocumentVersion DateDescription
PSU Ladder DetailFebruary 2019Access Ladders
.03 Prevention through Design Standards
  1. Roofs (See official PSU Roof Fall Protection Standard)
    1. Fall Protection system is required for employee protection anytime work is required on the roof.
      1. Rooftop equipment
        1. Evaluate locating on the ground or in mech rooms, or be at least 15 feet from the leading edge of a roof.
        2. Passive fall protection systems shall be installed so personal fall arrest systems are not required.
          1. Walkways to equipment shall be further than 15 feet from the edge of the roof.
          2. Roof access ladders shall be equipped with a safety climb system, 6 feet of guardrail on either side and a self-closing swing gate at the ladder opening
  2. Serviceable Equipment
    1. Shall not be installed in any space that meets the definition of an OSHA confined space.
    2. Valves, switches, disconnects, vavs, dampers, AHUs, exhaust fans, filter banks, etc shall be located so they can be safely accessed for servicing.
    3. Lighting fixtures, etc shall be located so they can be safely accessed.
      1. Look at area where installing to ensure ladders, scaffolds or personnel lifts can be utilized
      2. Evaluate the use of Retractable fixtures 
  3. Elevated work surfaces
    1. Shall be equipped with standard guardrail, midrail and toe boards
    2. Access shall be by standard stairway
      1. If access is provided by straight ladder, refer to ladder standard.
  4. Janitorial Sinks
    1. Shall be installed at floor level so buckets, equipment, etc do not have to be lifted to empty. 
  5. Fixed Ladders
    1. Shall be equipped with safety climb system when greater than 24 feet in length
    2. Shall have 6 feet of conforming guardrail installed on either side regardless of length.
    3. Ladder openings at the landing shall be equipped with a self closing swing gate regardless of length.
  6. Electrical Gear
    1. Shall be equipped with arc flash reduction capabilities.
    2. Adequate clearance distances shall be established in front of gear to provide safe access.
    3. Disconnect shall be installed within sight of the equipment.

 

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