Page Comparison

.01 Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zones

General
1. 1. Intent:
    1. The Pennsylvania State University is committed to tree protection.
    2. The tree canopy/tree root zones shall be protected during the entire construction process.
    3. Tree trunks and branches shall not be damaged by equipment and/or workers and tree root protection zones shall be protected from soil compaction, damage by trenching or excessive grade changes, and hazardous materials or waste products.
  2. Protection of Existing Utilities:
    1. Prior to any work being performed the Contractor shall insure that all existing utilities within and surrounding the project site have been clearly marked in accordance with the Pennsylvania Underground Utility Line Protection Act, Act 287 as amended by Act 199.
  3. Submittal:
    1. Prior to the start of any construction work the Contractor shall submit a Tree Canopy/Tree Root Zone Protection Plan. Development of this plan shall include input from the University Arborist and Project Manager or Assigned Construction Quality Representative. This plan shall be of the entire site showing accurate trunk locations and drip-line dimensions of all trees on the project site, limits of construction, locations of tree canopy/tree root protection zones, and indicating all appropriate protective measures.
    2. The Contractor shall submit a written guarantee that he/she shall not enter the tree protection zones at any time during construction without first getting approval from the University Representative.
    3. The Contractor shall verify in writing that all tree protection measures have been met as per the Protection Plan. Compliance with this plan shall be field verified by the University Representative.
  4. Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zones
    1. Prior to the start of any site work the contractor will erect fencing around trees which are to be preserved and sensitive tree root zones which are to be protected within the construction site.
    2. Trees indicated on the plan to remain shall be protected from injury to their branches, trunks, and root zones during the entire construction period. Protection of tree canopy/tree root zones shall be by the placement of temporary fencing as outlined in Part B.1.b – Materials.
      1. NO REMOVAL OR ENCROACHMENT INTO TREE PROTECTION ENCLOSURES SHALL BE PERMITTED UNLESS COORDINATED WITH THE UNIVERSITY REPRESENTATIVE.
    3. The Contractor shall be responsible for the installation and maintenance of all tree protection fencing. Protective fencing shall remain undisturbed until all construction activities have been completed. The Contractor shall remove fencing upon completion of construction.
      1. If protective fencing is damaged, the Contractor shall immediately execute the necessary repairs to re-establish the protective fencing to original configurations outlined on the Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zone Plan.
      2. At the conclusion of the project, as tree protection fencing is being removed, the Contractor shall continue to identify and enforce tree canopy/tree root protection zones using temporary measures until final acceptance. The use of these temporary protection methods is only acceptable for a period not to exceed 5 business days. A list of appropriate materials and methods for temporary protection are listed in Part B.1.b – Materials.
      3. The Contractor shall be held liable for any damages to protected trees and root zones caused by unauthorized intrusions into the protected areas during the construction period. Penalties to be enforced are outline in Part D – Liability.
    4. Any pruning of trees that may be required during the course of construction shall be performed by the University Arborist and requests for pruning shall be made through the University Representative.
    5. Erosion control devices shall be installed as per the contract drawings with particular emphasis on preventing silting, erosion, and/or damage within the tree root protection zone.
2. Materials
  1. Equipment and Materials:
    1. Equipment:
      1. As selected by the Contractor, except as otherwise indicated, to complete work in a safe manner and to protect all personnel and bystanders involved.
    2. Materials:
      1. Protective fencing shall be 6 feet high chain link fence supported by 2 inch diameter galvanized iron posts set to a minimum depth of 2 feet. Posts shall be spaced a minimum of 10 feet on center and a 3 feet wide gate shall be provided to allow maintenance access to the protection zone. Movable fence panels may only be used upon approval from the University Representative.
      2. An 8 ½” x 11” sign indicating the area as a tree protection zone shall be prominently displayed on each fence panel. Signs may be obtained by contacting the University Representative.
      3. Temporary protection measures shall be strictly enforced at the conclusion of the project, up until final acceptance. These methods may include, but are not limited to the use of signs, post and wire, or other methods approved by the University Representative.
3. Execution
  1. Scope of work within or around Tree Canopy Protection Zone:
    1. Trees to be removed that have branches extending into the canopy of trees to be preserved shall be removed under the continuous supervision of an arborist certified through the International Society of Arboriculture and not by a demolition or construction contractor. The Arborist shall remove the tree in a manner that causes no damage to the protected trees and landscape to remain after the construction period.
    2. Trees to be removed shall be felled so as to fall away from protection zones and to avoid pulling and breaking of roots or branches of trees indicated on remain on the Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zone Plan.
    3. Any brush clearing required within or around the tree canopy/tree root protection zone shall be accomplished with hand operated equipment.
    4. The Contractor shall be held liable for damages incurred to any tree branches that extend over protective fencing and to any trees or other plant material located on the site and indicated on the plan to remain. The Contractor shall notify the University Representative when any overhanging branches or other plant material interferes with the construction activity or post potential risks to workers or bystanders.
    5. If plans and field situations do not match and work must occur closer to any existing tree (s) than planned, the Contractor shall notify the University Representative to evaluate and to determine future viability of the existing tree (s) located within the area of proposed construction or excavation. Final evaluations shall be coordinated with the University Landscape Architect and Arborist to determine if the tree (s) should remain, be relocated, or be removed.
  2. Scope of work within or around Tree Root Protection Zone:
    1. Any grading, construction, demolition, or other work that is expected to encounter tree roots shall be made in consultation with the University Arborist.
      1. Any digging that must occur within the Tree Root Protection Zone must be done with the University Arborist present and must utilize alternative excavation methods including, but not limited to air spading, hand excavation, metal plating or other method approved by the University Arborist.
    2. Any roots 2 inches in diameter or less that sustain damage during construction shall be exposed to sound tissue and cleanly pruned close to the tree side of the excavation. Clean cuts shall be made at all times. The cutting of tree roots greater than 2 inches in diameter must be approved and supervised by the University Arborist.
    3. Trees to be removed adjacent to the tree root protection zones shall be cut near ground level and the stump ground out to avoid damaging existing roots by pulling and breaking.
    4. For those construction projects requiring temporary access or haul roads through the protection zone, a roadbed shall be installed using road plates, Alturnamat, or a PADOT Class IV Geotextile base covered with 6 inches (minimum) of mulch, wood chips or gravel to protect soil and minimize soil compaction. In those cases approval shall be given by the University Representative prior to the start of any construction activities. The roadbed material shall be maintained as necessary to maintain its original state.
    5. No material shall be stored or piled within the tree root protection zone unless otherwise approved by the University Representative. No gasoline, fuel oil, harmful chemicals or other deleterious materials shall be stored, spilled or deposited on the ground within the tree root protection zone.
    6. There shall be no vehicular traffic or parking permitted within the tree root protection zone.
    7. Foot traffic shall be kept to a minimum within the tree root protection zone. If temporary foot traffic must be directed over the tree root protection zone a pathway shall be installed using Alturnamat or a PADOT Class IV Geotextile base covered with 3 inches (minimum) of mulch, wood chips or gravel to protect soil and minimize soil compaction. In those cases approval shall be given by the University Representative prior to the start of any construction activities. The pathway material shall be maintained as necessary to maintain its original state.
    8. Installation of curbs and sidewalks shall be completed in a manner least damaging to trees and tree root systems. PADOT Class IV Geotextile shall be considered a viable alternative to the specified sub-base in sensitive root zones. When unique site conditions not addressed in the contract documents result in the opportunity for an alternative solution or a potential modification to the plan, the Contractor may present a proposal to the University Representative.
4. Liability:
1. 1. The Contractor shall be held liable for any damage to protected trees. A dollar value shall be determined by the University Arborist or certified tree appraiser following criteria outlined in the “Guide of Plant Appraisal” (Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisal, Latest Edition).
  2. The Contractor shall be held liable for all remedial measures required to treat broken limbs, or damaged trees and roots, or for the unauthorized removal of existing trees or plant material. All remedial treatments will be accomplished by the University Arborist and/or their designee.

.02 Lawns and Grasses

General
1. 1. Intent:
    1. The

work in this section specifies the labor, materials, and installation methods necessary to establish the highest quality turf areas

1. 1. 1. Pennsylvania State University is committed to tree protection.
    2. The tree canopy/tree root zones shall be protected during the entire construction process.
    3. Tree trunks and branches shall not be damaged by equipment and/or workers and tree root protection zones shall be protected from soil compaction, damage by trenching or excessive grade changes, and hazardous materials or waste products.
  2. Protection of Existing Utilities:
    1. Prior to any work being performed the Contractor shall insure that all existing utilities within and surrounding the project site have been clearly marked in accordance with the Pennsylvania Underground Utility Line Protection Act, Act 287 as amended by Act 199.

Submittals

1. 1. Submittal:
    1. Prior to the start of any

seeding activity, the Contractor shall have the existing soil tested by an approved soil testing laboratory and meet all other criteria as outlined in Section 31 20 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing, and Placing Topsoil. Copies of the soil test results shall be furnished to the University Representative a minimum of 30 days prior to any grading, seeding, or sodding

1. 1. 1. construction work the Contractor shall submit a Tree Canopy/Tree Root Zone Protection Plan. Development of this plan shall include input from the University Arborist and Project Manager or Assigned Construction Quality Representative. This plan shall be of the entire site showing accurate trunk locations and drip-line dimensions of all trees on the project site, limits of construction, locations of tree canopy/tree root protection zones, and indicating all appropriate protective measures.
    2. The Contractor shall submit a

Percolation Rate Test prior to the commencing of any seeding activity as outlined in Section 31 20 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing, and Placing Topsoil. This test is intended to determine the rate of percolation of the existing subgade.

The Contractor will provide an inspection certification indicating the origin and health of seed and/or sod material.
1. Seed must be Blue Tagged Certified Seed and must contain requirements indicated in 2.a.i - Seed. The Contractor shall submit seed breakdown tags to the University Representative for approval. Tags will show percentage of seed varieties, weed seed, inert matter, and date of “Germination Test” done within a nine-month period prior to sale of the seed.
2. Sod must be certified and must contain requirements indicated in 2.a.ii – Sod.
The Contractor shall provide submittals indicating the type and application rates of fertilizers as recommended in accordance with the soil test.
Chemical Spraying Program: No spraying of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, fumigants, or other chemicals shall be done without first submitting a spray program to the University Representative. Application of herbicides will only be permitted by certified applicators. Applicators should follow all notification requirements of the University and consult any Chemical Hypersensitivity Registries for the area.
Delivery, Storage, and Handling:
1. Seed
  1. Each seed container shall be in sealed 50# bags labeled by manufacturer and/or grower and indicating weight and analysis.
  2. Seed shall be accompanied with delivery tickets specifying percentage of germination, purity, and noxious weed content.
  3. Seed shall be kept in dry storage away from contaminants, insects, and rodents.
2. Sod
  1. All sod shall be reviewed by the University Representative at the job site prior to installation. The University Representative reserves the right to reject any sod they deem unacceptable.
  2. All sod delivered from the supplier shall be installed on the same day as delivery.
  3. Each palette, flat, or specified group of sod shall be labeled by the grower or manufacturer as separate items.
  4. During delivery and storage, sod materials shall be protected from any drying or contamination by detrimental material.
  5. Sod shall not be dropped or dumped from vehicles.
3. Fertilizer and Lime
  1. Each container of fertilizer and/or lime shall be labeled by manufacturer as separate items indicating weight and analysis of the container.
4. Topsoil
  1. Topsoil shall not be muddy or frozen at time of grading as determined by the University Representative.
Job Conditions:
1. Turf areas will be free of waste or debris developed by other trades. Any discrepancy from such conditions shall be reported to the University Representative before beginning any installation.
Grading and Topsoil:
1. The Contractor shall grade all turf areas indicated on the drawings. In the event there are discrepancies between the construction drawings and on-site conditions, the Contractor shall notify the University Representative before beginning any installation.
2. The Contractor shall remove all topsoil and stockpile it on site. All topsoil is the property of the University. Excess topsoil removed and not required for finished grading shall be removed by the Contractor and stockpiled as directed by the University Representative at a location on University property.
Planting Season:
1. No seeding or sodding is to be done when the ground is frozen or during days of extreme heat (≥85 degrees). No seed or sod shall be installed before April 1st or a minimum of 3 consecutive days of 55 degree soil temperatures.
  1. If work must be performed outside of these parameters the University Representative must be contacted.
Materials
1. Quality Assurance:
  1. Seed
    1. The seed producer shall specialize in grass seed production with a minimum of 5 years’ experience and shall be certified by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture as outline in Title 3 (Agriculture) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statures.
    2. Seed must comply with all Commonwealth of Pennsylvania seed certifications.
    3. Shall be clean and fresh, packed in sealed bags showing net weight, composition of mix, date of germination tests and supplier’s name.
    4. Seed must be Blue Tagged Certified and must not contain more than 0.1% by weight weed seed, no more than 1.5% inert matter, no more than 0.2% other crop seed and no noxious weed seed or undesirable grass species.
    5. Composition of seed blend shall be a minimum of 3 different turf type tall fescue varieties, with a blended ratio of 20% to 40% of each variety for a total of 100%. Varieties shall represent the top 1/3 of performers in the most recent final or current year National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (www.ntep.org) for the Northeast USA. In addition, one of the varieties may be a rhizomatous type as advertised by the seed marketer. Seed mixture must be approved by the University Representative prior to purchase for seeding.
    6. The University may request or allow a composition of seed blend with 3 different turf type tall fescue varieties and also a maximum of 10 % perennial ryegrass. The perennial ryegrass must follow the specifications as all other seeds mentioned in these specifications.
  2. Sod
    1. The sod producer shall specialize in grass seed production with a minimum of 5 years’ experience and shall be certified by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture as outline in Title 3 (Agriculture) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statures.
    2. Sod shall be a minimum of 18 months in age with root development that will support its own weight without tearing when suspended vertically by holding two adjacent corners.
    3. Composition of seed blend shall be a minimum of 3 different turf type tall fescue varieties, with a blended ratio of 20% to 40% of each variety for a total of 100%. Varieties shall represent the top 1/3 of performers in the most recent final or current year National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (www.ntep.org) for the Northeast USA. In addition, one of the varieties may be a rhizomatous type as advertised by the seed marketer. Seed mixture must be approved by the University Representative prior to purchase for seeding.
    4. The University may request or allow a composition of seed blend with 3 different turf type tall fescue varieties and also a maximum of 10 % perennial ryegrass. The perennial ryegrass must follow the specifications as all other seeds mentioned in these specifications.
    5. Sod shall be field grown in same climatic conditions as that of the project site.
    6. Sod shall be strongly rooted, not less than 18 months old, free of weeds and undesirable native grasses. Sod must be capable of growth and development when planted
    7. Sod shall be free of pests.
    8. Sod shall be installed within 24 hours from the time it is cut.
  3. Commercial Fertilizers: In accordance with the soil test recommendations, fertilizer shall be in bags showing weight, analysis, and manufacturer’s name.
  4. Lime: In accordance with the soil test recommendations, lime shall be high magnesium ground limestone containing not less than 85 percent total carbonates, 95 percent passing a 20-mesh sieve, 40 percent passing a 60-mesh sieve and a minimum of 30 percent passing a 100-mesh sieve.
  5. Organic Amendments: In accordance with the soil test recommendations organic matter shall be recycled composted leaf mulch or approved equal by the University Representative.
  6. Topsoil: Topsoil shall be provided in accordance with 31 20 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing, and Placing Topsoil.
  7. Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch:
    1. No straw or hay mulch will be accepted.
    2. In areas with slopes >3:1 erosion control matting shall be used as approved by the University Representative
    3. Shall consist of especially prepared wood cellulose processed into a uniform fibrous physical state.
    4. Shall be dyed green or contain a green dye in the package that will provide an appropriate color to facilitate visual inspection of the uniformly spread slurry.
    5. Shall contain no germination or growth inhibiting factors.
    6. Shall be manufactured and processed in a manner that the wood cellulose fiber mulch will remain in uniform suspension in water under agitation and will blend with other additives to form a homogeneous slurry.
    7. Shall form a blotter-like groundcover, on application, having moisture absorption and percolation properties and shall cover and hold grasss seed in contact with the soil without inhibiting the growth of the grass seedlings.
    8. Shall not contain elements or compounds at concentration levels that will be phyto-toxic.
    9. Must conform to the following physical requirements.
      1. Fiber length to approximately 10 mm. Diameter approximately 1 mm.
      2. pH range of 4.0-8.5
      3. Ash content of 1.6% maximum
      4. Water holding capacity of 90% minimum
Execution
1. Site Preparation
  1. Grading:
    1. Prior to commencing any finished grading the Contractor shall notify the University Representative allowing enough time for a thorough inspection of the subgrade.
    2. Prior to any work the Contractor shall have all utilities located by calling PA One-Call at (800)242-1776.
    3. Prior to grading, apply Round-Up or other approved herbicide as per the manufacturer’s directions to eliminate any existing weeds. Allow sufficient time for the herbicide to take effect.
    4. Perform all finished grading necessary to bring site to required finished elevations indicated on the grading plan.
    5. If the general area is hard pan, the sub-grade shall first be rototilled or chisel plowed at least 12 inches deep to permit proper loosening, drainage, and preparation of the ground. The sub-grade shall be loosened and graded by harrowing, discing, or dragging, as dictated by the condition of the sub-grade. The entire sub-grade shall then be raked and all stones over 1 ½ inches, grade stakes, rubbish, and general debris removed.
    6. A final inspection of the sub-grade by the University Representative is required before topsoil is spread.
  2. Topsoil:
    1. Use topsoil stockpiled on the site during earthwork operations and provide any additional topsoil, at no additional cost to the University, as required on the Grading Plan and as outlined in Section 31 00 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing and Placing Topsoil.
    2. Topsoil shall be spread with approved equipment to a minimum depth of 6 inches to permit 1 inch settlement. Any surface irregularities shall be corrected to prevent the formation of low spots and pockets that would retain water.
    3. Topsoil shall not be placed when the subgrade is frozen, excessively wet, or extremely dry, and no topsoil shall be handled when in a frozen or muddy condition as determined by the University Representative.
    4. During the preparation for seeding and/or sodding all stones over ½ inch in any dimension or any other rubbish, debris, or other materials which would be detrimental to seeding, sodding, or turf maintenance will be removed.
    5. After completion of topsoil placing and approval of finish grading, remove any excess topsoil from the site and deliver to location determined by the University Representative.
    6. Leave finish graded area clean and well raked, ready for lawn work.
  3. Preparation of Surface for Seeding and Sodding:
    1. Apply lime and basic fertilizer if required by the soil test at the recommended rate.
    2. Immediately after lime and fertilizer application go over the entire area with a rototiller, or other approved piece of equipment and loosen surface at least 3 inches deep and then hand rake to a smooth even surface.
    3. Spread starter fertilizer uniformly at the rate determined by the soil test for new lawns.
    4. Add organic matter at the rate required by the soil test.
2. Execution of Work
  1. Seeding
    1. Dry seeding only; No hydroseeding
    2. As soon as the ground has been properly prepared and approved for seed by the University Representative, sow turf type tall fesue grass seed at the rate of 10 lbs. per 1,000 sq. ft., total, in two operations at right angles to each other, using a suitable mechanical seeder or sowing by hand for small areas.
    3. Unless the seeder covers the seed with soil as it sows, rake to obtain a light covering of soil over the seed after sowing, then roll very lightly with an empty water roller.
    4. Do no seeding in adverse weather or in wet conditions.
    5. After seed application, wood cellulose fiber mulch shall be applied at a net dry weight of 1,500 lbs. per acre. The wood cellulose fiber mulch shall be mixed with water, and the mixture shall contain a maximum of 50 lbs of wood cellulose fiber per 100 gallons of water. In areas where erosion may be a problem, use an organic tackifier, erosion fabric, or approved equal in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
  2. Sodding
    1. Lay sod on the same day as delivery to prevent dehydration.
    2. Lay sod tight with no open joints visible, and no overlapping. Stagger end joints 12 inches minimum. Do not stretch sod pieces.
    3. Lay smooth and align with adjoining grass areas. Place top elevation of sod even with or slightly above adjoining edging, paving, or curbs to allow for settling.
    4. On slopes exceeding 2 horizontal to 1 vertical, lay sod perpendicular to the slope and secure every row with biodegradable staples at maximum of 2 feet on center. Drive staples flush with soil portion of the sod.
    5. Water sodded areas immediately after installation with enough moisture to ensure the entire rootmass and thatch areas are completely saturated.
    6. After sod and soil have dried, roll sodded areas to ensure a good bond between sod and soil and to remove minor depressions and irregularities.
Maintenance (Seed and Sod)
1. All lawn areas shall be kept moist to maximize germination and root establishment. Water shall be applied frequently enough to keep the grass and soil from drying out. The University shall provide the water source. The contractor is responsible for all hoses, sprinklers or other watering devices and he/she shall ensure proper backflow protection on the water source.
2. To protect pedestrians any hoses that cross a sidewalk, walkway, or other pedestrian route must be bridged using a cable tray or other similar device in a manner that is ADA compliant
3. All areas and spots which do not show a prompt catch of grass or signs of browning shall then be reseeded or re-sodded as required until complete coverage is obtained.
4. When the average height of the grass is 3 to 4 inches, grass shall be cut to 2 to 3 inches or 1/3 of the grass blade. Any depressions or irregularities in the lawn surface shall be leveled off and reseeded or re-sodded.
5. Maintenance shall continue until final acceptance by the University Representative.
Final Inspection and Acceptance:
1. The contractor shall give 10 days’ notice prior to Final Inspection. Final acceptance shall be granted provided all grass areas are properly established and free of washouts, depressions, bare spots, weeds and large off-color areas. All silt socks or other erosion control devices shall be removed and their areas restored. Any lawn area under this contract that is not in satisfactory condition, as determined by the University Representative, shall be reworked as soon as conditions permit. All reworked lawn areas shall be maintained as previously specified in PART 4 – MAINTENANCE until final inspection and acceptance occurs
  1. 1. written guarantee that he/she shall not enter the tree protection zones at any time during construction without first getting approval from the University Representative.
    2. The Contractor shall verify in writing that all tree protection measures have been met as per the Protection Plan. Compliance with this plan shall be field verified by the University Representative.
  2. Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zones
    1. Prior to the start of any site work the contractor will erect fencing around trees which are to be preserved and sensitive tree root zones which are to be protected within the construction site.
    2. Trees indicated on the plan to remain shall be protected from injury to their branches, trunks, and root zones during the entire construction period. Protection of tree canopy/tree root zones shall be by the placement of temporary fencing as outlined in Part B.1.b – Materials.
      1. NO REMOVAL OR ENCROACHMENT INTO TREE PROTECTION ENCLOSURES SHALL BE PERMITTED UNLESS COORDINATED WITH THE UNIVERSITY REPRESENTATIVE.
    3. The Contractor shall be responsible for the installation and maintenance of all tree protection fencing. Protective fencing shall remain undisturbed until all construction activities have been completed. The Contractor shall remove fencing upon completion of construction.
      1. If protective fencing is damaged, the Contractor shall immediately execute the necessary repairs to re-establish the protective fencing to original configurations outlined on the Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zone Plan.
      2. At the conclusion of the project, as tree protection fencing is being removed, the Contractor shall continue to identify and enforce tree canopy/tree root protection zones using temporary measures until final acceptance. The use of these temporary protection methods is only acceptable for a period not to exceed 5 business days. A list of appropriate materials and methods for temporary protection are listed in Part B.1.b – Materials.
      3. The Contractor shall be held liable for any damages to protected trees and root zones caused by unauthorized intrusions into the protected areas during the construction period. Penalties to be enforced are outline in Part D – Liability.
    4. Any pruning of trees that may be required during the course of construction shall be performed by the University Arborist and requests for pruning shall be made through the University Representative.
    5. Erosion control devices shall be installed as per the contract drawings with particular emphasis on preventing silting, erosion, and/or damage within the tree root protection zone.
2. Materials
  1. Equipment and Materials:
    1. Equipment:
      1. As selected by the Contractor, except as otherwise indicated, to complete work in a safe manner and to protect all personnel and bystanders involved.
    2. Materials:
      1. Protective fencing shall be 6 feet high chain link fence supported by 2 inch diameter galvanized iron posts set to a minimum depth of 2 feet. Posts shall be spaced a minimum of 10 feet on center and a 3 feet wide gate shall be provided to allow maintenance access to the protection zone. Movable fence panels may only be used upon approval from the University Representative.
      2. An 8 ½” x 11” sign indicating the area as a tree protection zone shall be prominently displayed on each fence panel. Signs may be obtained by contacting the University Representative.
      3. Temporary protection measures shall be strictly enforced at the conclusion of the project, up until final acceptance. These methods may include, but are not limited to the use of signs, post and wire, or other methods approved by the University Representative.
3. Execution
  1. Scope of work within or around Tree Canopy Protection Zone:
    1. Trees to be removed that have branches extending into the canopy of trees to be preserved shall be removed under the continuous supervision of an arborist certified through the International Society of Arboriculture and not by a demolition or construction contractor. The Arborist shall remove the tree in a manner that causes no damage to the protected trees and landscape to remain after the construction period.
    2. Trees to be removed shall be felled so as to fall away from protection zones and to avoid pulling and breaking of roots or branches of trees indicated on remain on the Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zone Plan.
    3. Any brush clearing required within or around the tree canopy/tree root protection zone shall be accomplished with hand operated equipment.
    4. The Contractor shall be held liable for damages incurred to any tree branches that extend over protective fencing and to any trees or other plant material located on the site and indicated on the plan to remain. The Contractor shall notify the University Representative when any overhanging branches or other plant material interferes with the construction activity or post potential risks to workers or bystanders.
    5. If plans and field situations do not match and work must occur closer to any existing tree (s) than planned, the Contractor shall notify the University Representative to evaluate and to determine future viability of the existing tree (s) located within the area of proposed construction or excavation. Final evaluations shall be coordinated with the University Landscape Architect and Arborist to determine if the tree (s) should remain, be relocated, or be removed.
  2. Scope of work within or around Tree Root Protection Zone:
    1. Any grading, construction, demolition, or other work that is expected to encounter tree roots shall be made in consultation with the University Arborist.
      1. Any digging that must occur within the Tree Root Protection Zone must be done with the University Arborist present and must utilize alternative excavation methods including, but not limited to air spading, hand excavation, metal plating or other method approved by the University Arborist.
    2. Any roots 2 inches in diameter or less that sustain damage during construction shall be exposed to sound tissue and cleanly pruned close to the tree side of the excavation. Clean cuts shall be made at all times. The cutting of tree roots greater than 2 inches in diameter must be approved and supervised by the University Arborist.
    3. Trees to be removed adjacent to the tree root protection zones shall be cut near ground level and the stump ground out to avoid damaging existing roots by pulling and breaking.
    4. For those construction projects requiring temporary access or haul roads through the protection zone, a roadbed shall be installed using road plates, Alturnamat, or a PADOT Class IV Geotextile base covered with 6 inches (minimum) of mulch, wood chips or gravel to protect soil and minimize soil compaction. In those cases approval shall be given by the University Representative prior to the start of any construction activities. The roadbed material shall be maintained as necessary to maintain its original state.
    5. No material shall be stored or piled within the tree root protection zone unless otherwise approved by the University Representative. No gasoline, fuel oil, harmful chemicals or other deleterious materials shall be stored, spilled or deposited on the ground within the tree root protection zone.
    6. There shall be no vehicular traffic or parking permitted within the tree root protection zone.
    7. Foot traffic shall be kept to a minimum within the tree root protection zone. If temporary foot traffic must be directed over the tree root protection zone a pathway shall be installed using Alturnamat or a PADOT Class IV Geotextile base covered with 3 inches (minimum) of mulch, wood chips or gravel to protect soil and minimize soil compaction. In those cases approval shall be given by the University Representative prior to the start of any construction activities. The pathway material shall be maintained as necessary to maintain its original state.
    8. Installation of curbs and sidewalks shall be completed in a manner least damaging to trees and tree root systems. PADOT Class IV Geotextile shall be considered a viable alternative to the specified sub-base in sensitive root zones. When unique site conditions not addressed in the contract documents result in the opportunity for an alternative solution or a potential modification to the plan, the Contractor may present a proposal to the University Representative.
4. Liability:
1. 1. The Contractor shall be held liable for any damage to protected trees. A dollar value shall be determined by the University Arborist or certified tree appraiser following criteria outlined in the “Guide of Plant Appraisal” (Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisal, Latest Edition).
  2. The Contractor shall be held liable for all remedial measures required to treat broken limbs, or damaged trees and roots, or for the unauthorized removal of existing trees or plant material. All remedial treatments will be accomplished by the University Arborist and/or their designee.

.03 Trees and Shrubs

General

Intent:

The work in this section describes the labor, materials, and installation requirements necessary to complete tree, shrub, and groundcover planting with the highest possible quality standards.

Protection of Existing Utilities:

Prior to any work being performed the Contractor shall insure that all existing utilities within and surrounding the project site have been clearly marked in accordance with the Pennsylvania Underground Utility Line Protection Act, Act 287 as amended by Act 199.

Submittals:

Guarantee: Written guarantee warranting the plant material to be in healthy condition at the time of expiration of the 120 day “Landscape Establishment Period”.
Soil Test: Prior to the start of any planting activity, the Contractor shall have the existing soil tested by an approved soil testing laboratory and meet all other criteria as outlined in Section 31 20 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing, and Placing Topsoil. Copies of the soil test results shall be furnished to the University Representative prior to any grading or planting.
The Contractor shall submit a Percolation Rate Test prior to the commencing of any planting activity as outlined in Section 31 20 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing, and Place Topsoil. This test is intended to determine the rate of percolation of the existing subgade.
Planting Schedule: Submit planting schedule showing dates for planting in each area of the project site.
Plant Substitutions: Plant substitutions will be permitted only upon approval by the University Landscape Architect and/or their designee
The Contractor shall submit, in writing, a plant list outlining the source for all plants, their estimated delivery date, and length of time plants are to be stored at an off-site location.
Chemical Spraying Program: No spraying of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, fumigants, or other chemicals shall be done without first submitting a spray program to the University Representative. Application of herbicides will only be permitted by licensed applicators. Applicators should follow all notification requirements of the University and consult any Chemical Hypersensitivity Registries for the area.

Delivery, Storage, and Handling:

The Contractor shall contact the University Representative 24 hours prior to the delivery of any plant material.
The Contractor is responsible for having the planting plan, grading plan, plant list, and all applicable installation details on site at all times so that it can be reviewed by the University Representative.
All plant material shall be inspected by the University Representative at the job site upon delivery. Only plants approved by the University Representative shall be stored or planted. The University Representative reserves the right to refuse any plant material they deem unacceptable.Any and all rejected plant materials shall be removed from the job site on the day of rejection.
Each tree, shrub, groundcover flat, container of fertilizer or other construction material shall be labeled by grower or manufacturer as separate items
Plant identification labels shall be durable and waterproof. Labels shall be securely attached to plants, bundlers, or containers of plants and shall state the correct botanical plant name and size. Labels shall not be removed from the plants until final acceptance.
Bulk deliveries of mulch, topsoil, and inert material shall be accompanied with delivery tickets showing weight, origin, and composition and stored in such a manner as to prevent the inclusion of foreign materials.
Plant Storage:
1. Trees, shrubs, and groundcovers not installed on the day of delivery to the site shall be stored and protected.
2. No plants shall be stored on the site for a period greater than 5 business days.
3. Storage locations shall be continually shaded and protected from the wind.
4. Plants stored on the project site shall be protected from drying at all times by covering the balls or roots with moist woodchips, shredded bark, peat moss or other suitable heel-in material.

Job Conditions:

Planting areas shall be free of waste or debris developed by other trades. Any discrepancy from such conditions shall be reported to the University Representative before beginning any installation.

Planting Season:

No plants are to be planted when the ground is frozen or during days of extreme heat (≥80 degrees). No plants shall be installed before March 1st or after the ground freezes.
1. If work must be performed outside of these parameters the University Representative must be contacted.

Materials

Quality Assurance:

Plants shall be of the quantity and quality indicated, true to name, properly labeled with scientific name and in accordance with the sizes and grades specified. Plants shall be nursery grown, have a habit of growth that is normal for the species, and shall be sound, healthy, vigorous, free from insect pests, plant diseases and injuries, and shall have normal root systems. All plants shall equal or exceed the measurements specified in the plant list.
Plants shall be measured before pruning, with branches in normal position. Any necessary pruning shall be done at the time of planting.
Requirements for the measurement, branching, grading, quality, balling, and burlapping of plants shall follow the code of standards currently recommended by the American Association of Nurserymen, Inc., in the American Standard for Nursery Stock, ANSI Z60.1, current edition.

Commercial Fertilizers: In accordance with the soil test recommendations, fertilizer shall be in bags showing weight, analysis, and manufacturer’s name.
Organic Amendments: In accordance with the soil test recommendations, organic amendments shall be compost, dark brown in color and humus like. Parentmaterial should not be visible, particle size shall be less than or equal to ½ inch, and the pH range shall be 6.5-8.5.
Herbicides:

Non-Selective herbicide shall be Round-Up™ as manufactured by Monsanto or approved equal.
The spraying of all herbicides must be done in accordance with the Chemical Spraying Program.

Staking and Guying: Tree stakes shall be two 2”xs” stakes, a minimum of 6 feet long with 2 feet in ground. Guying shall consist of nylon straps wrapped loosely around the trunk.
Plant Material: All plant material shall conform to ANSI Z.60.1.

Balled and Burlapped Plants: Shall have balls of earth of sufficient diameter to be in accordance with the size of the plant, of sufficient depth to include an adequate root system, and shall be properly balled, burlapped, and secured.
Container Grown Plants: Shall be healthy, vigorous, well rooted, and established in the container in which they are sold. Plant development shall be sufficient so that they root mass will hold together when removed from the container. Remove plastic containers before planting.

Grading and Topsoil:

The Contractor shall furnish all grading and topsoil as required by the “Grading Plan” and in accordance with 31 20 00.02 – Stockpiling, Furnishing, and Placing Topsoil.

Mulch:

Organic Mulch: Shall be coarse, fibrous, shredded hardwoods, free of dyes, sufficiently aged to prevent adverse reactions to plant material and subject to approval by the University Representative.

Execution

Protection of Existing Vegetation: All existing vegetation to remain shall be protected at all times in accordance with 23 90 00.01 – Tree Canopy / Tree Root Protection Zones.
Site Preparation:

Grading:

Prior to commencing any finished grading, the Contractor shall notify the University Representative allowing enough time for a thorough inspection of the subgrade.
Perform all finished grading necessary to bring site to required finished elevations indicated on the grading plan and to allow for positive drainage.

Topsoil:

Use topsoil stockpiled on the site during earthwork operations and provide any additional topsoil required.
Topsoil shall not be placed when the subgrade is frozen, excessively wet, or extremely dry, and no topsoil shall be handled when in a frozen or muddy condition.
After completion of topsoil placing and approval of finish grading by the University Representative, remove any excess topsoil from the site and deliver to location determined by the University Representative.
Leave finish graded area clean, well raked, and ready for planting.

Planting Layout:

Layout of plants prior to planting shall be verified by the University Representative. Any alterations to the planned planting layout must be approved by the University Landscape Architect and/or their designer.

Planting Bed Preparation:

The grouping of two or more plants shall constitute a planting bed or area. All unwanted vegetation shall be completely removed and hauled off site or sprayed with herbicide, in accordance with Part A.3.f – Chemical Spraying Program, to ensure that planting beds are completely weed free.
If groundcover of a type normally specified in flats or pots of a 1 gallon size or smaller is specified, the soil in the entire planting bed area will be loosened by rototilling or similar means to a depth of 6 inches.

Planting Pit Excavation:

All planting pits shall be excavated to the depth of the existing root ball and planted on undisturbed soil. All construction debris such as plaster, concrete, stone, brick, wood, or other deleterious materials shall be removed.
All tree pits shall be excavated circular with flared sides to create a dish-shaped hole. The diameter of pits for trees and B&B shrubs shall be at least 2 feet greater than the diameter of the rootball or spread of roots. Soil used in the planting shall be good grade topsoil, as specified, mixed with the surrounding existing soil. Poor soils, gravel, hardpan, or other soil injurious to plants shall not be used.
If an impervious, hard pan layer remains in the bottom of the pit after excavation the University Representative shall be notified prior to any additional planting activities to inspect the excavation and develop an alternate course of action.

Planting:

General: The plant shall be set in its planting pit in such a manner that allows the bottom of the trunk flare to set 1 inch above finished grade. NOTE: THE TOP OF THE ROOTBALL IS NOT NECESSARILY THE BOTTOM OF THE TRUNK FLARE.
Bare Root: Build a cone of soil in the bottom of the planting pit. Place the plant in the hole, spreading the roots around the surface of the cone of soil. Gently backfill, firming the soil as you go.
Balled and Burlapped: Once the plant is set in its planting pit and at proper grade in relation to the surrounding soil, the Contractor shall remove all wire, twine and burlap or other deleterious material.
Containerized: When the Contractor removes the root ball from its container he/she shall inspect the root ball thoroughly for circling or girdling roots. The root ball shall then be scored to discourage girdling and to promote the growth of feeder roots.

Backfilling:

Use specified backfill medium around the roots, filling the hole about two thirds full, and firm the soil around the root ball and/or roots.
Water the plant well immediately after backfilling to insure proper settling of soil around the roots. Allow the water to soak down and fill the remainder of the hole with loose soil without further packing or tamping. A mound of soil shall be formed around the edge of each tree pit to form a shallow saucer.

Pruning:

Prune all dead or broken branches at the time of planting.

Mulching:

Mulch all plants and planting beds or areas with a 3 inch layer of specified mulch. It shall entirely cover the area of the planting pit, bed, or saucer around each plant. DO NOT MULCH NEXT TO THE MAIN STEM OF THE PLANT.

Staking and Guying:

Staking and guying shall be done immediately after trees are planted using specified staking materials.
Trees shall stand plumb prior to staking.

Maintenance:

The Contractor shall be responsible for providing the following maintenance on all newly planted trees, shrubs, groundcovers, and herbaceous perennials.

Watering: During any 7 day period that yields less than 1/2 inch of rainfall - as measured by the Penn State Campus Weather Service - the contractor shall water all plant material to maintain a constant suitable moisture level for adequate plant growth. The Contractor shall be responsible for providing all watering hoses, watering devices or other water delivery methods including tankers. The University will provide the water source.
Insect, Disease, and Weed Control: Weed control shall be by mechanical or hand weeding. The use of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, fumigants or other chemicals are only acceptable upon approval by the University under the provisions in Part A.3.f – Chemical Spraying Program.

Establishment Period
1. The Establishment Period will begin upon notice of substantial completion by the Contractor and inspection by the University Representative and will last for a total of 120 days during the growing season. The growing season is defined as the period between April 1st and November 1st. If planting occurs in the autumn, the Establishment Period will carry over to the next growing season until a total of 120 days have been established.
2. Plants shall be guaranteed during the Establishment Period and shall be alive and in satisfactory growth at the end of that period. Plants which die within the establishment period will be removed by the Contractor within five (5) business days of notice or the University will remove the plants and bill the Contractor accordingly. Replacement plants may be installed during the next appropriate planting season for the species specified. All replacements shall be plants of the same species and size specified in the plant list. They shall be furnished and planted according to all previous specifications noted and shall be guaranteed through an additional 120 day Establishment Period, as outlined above. The cost of replacement shall be borne by the Contractor, except for possible replacements resulting from removal, loss or damage due to vandalism, or act of neglect on the part of others.
3. The Contractor is responsible for all maintenance activities, including watering, weeding, insect and disease control or other methods required to insure the overall health of the plants during the Establishment Period
Final Inspection and Acceptance:

At the end of the Establishment Period, an inspection will be made by the University Representative and the Contractor. Any plant determined to be of insufficient quality or unsatisfactory growth, as determined the University Representative, shall be removed from the site and replaced at the Contractor’s expense, as outlined in Part E.2 – Establishment Period.

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Key

.01 Tree Canopy/Tree Root Protection Zones

.02 Lawns and Grasses

.03 Trees and Shrubs