26 09 23 Lighting Control Devices and Systems

Penn State strives for simple and effective methods of lighting control that are robust and easy to maintain while meeting all required standards and applicable codes. 

Hardwired Networked Lighting Control Systems

Approved Manufacturers

1. Acuity Brands nLight^1,2
2. Current NX Lighting Controls^1,3
3. Legrand Wattstopper DLM
4. Additional manufacturers with written approval by Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Notes:

1. Provide with System Controller(s) per this specification. Discuss in design with Engineering Services Electrical Group and Facilities Automation Services whether the System Controller(s) will physically connect to BACnet.
2. nLight is the basis of design for the purpose of system performance and construction documents including wiring diagrams, device legends, specifications, and sequence of operations capabilities, so that nLight and other approved manufacturers listed in a project’s final construction documents may be equally considered.
3. Current NX Lighting Controls are acceptable for “Hardwired Standalone Lighting Control Systems (Non-Networked)” (refer to next section), but Current NX Lighting Controls must be discussed on a case-by-case basis for deployment in New Buildings and Major renovations of greater than 75% of one floor level or more than 10,000 square feet.

Description

Digital, networked lighting control devices consisting of power relay packs connected to sensors, switches, auxiliary relays, etc., and networked devices such as bridges and the system controller typically through CAT-5e or similar cable.  Programming settings reside at the device level (such as relay power packs, sensors and switches), with the exception of timeclock events and system-wide profiles, which may reside at the system controller level.  

System Controller

• The System shall include a front-end network interface management device which provides direct, native BACnet IP interfacing and Building management interface with BACnet IP. The system controller shall be BACnet Testing Laboratories (BTL) listed.
• The system controller provides timeclock capability, system-wide profiles, and means for programming and updating firmware of lighting control devices.
• Place in NEMA 1 enclosure. Locate within an electrical room or other space as directed by Engineering Services Electrical Group, but not within telecom rooms.  The system controller shall be located no more than 72-inches above finished floor. 
• The system controller device must be dedicated to lighting control devices and not used as the controller for non-lighting building systems.
• Where a wireless dongle is used for programming, disconnect after commissioning and locate adjacent to the system controller.
• Example: nLight Eclypse, 24V AC/DC, with Linux-based (non-Windows-based) operating system. 

Interface with HVAC

Connect the system controller via BACnet to the building automation system so that occupancy sensor information may be communicated.  In addition, provide secondary means of HVAC interfacing: provide occupancy sensors with auxiliary contacts or power relay packs with auxiliary contacts as necessary to provide the status of space occupancy information.  Confirm in design.  Networked lighting control systems shall not be used for purposes other than lighting control unless otherwise approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Where Audio/Video Interface is required

Lighting control systems and audio/video systems, including shade control should typically be independent systems unless prior approval is given by Engineering Services Electrical Group.  Refer to approved Hardwired Networked Lighting Control System manufacturers and use devices by these manufacturers to accomplish interface.  Discuss Crestron for portions of the building where Audio/Video interface is required.

Hardwired Standalone Lighting Control Systems (Non-Networked)

These systems are the same as Hardwired Networked Lighting Control Systems, described above, except there is no need for a system controller and other lighting controls network devices (such as bridges) unless those parts are necessary for the project’s sequence of operations (like timeclock). Hardwired Standalone Lighting Control Systems do not connect to the BAS, thus are “Non-Networked” even though cable such as CAT-5e or similar is used to connect lighting control devices amongst themselves. The system shall be capable of scaling to become a Hardwired Networked Lighting Control System.

Provide means of HVAC interfacing: provide occupancy sensors with auxiliary contacts or power relay packs with auxiliary contacts as necessary to provide the status of space occupancy information. Confirm in design.

Wireless Networked Lighting Control Systems

Wireless systems will not be accepted unless prior approval is given by Engineering Services Electrical Group. Discuss proposed wireless lighting controls prior to developing schematic basis of design documents or pricing documents.

Approved Manufacturer: nLight Air.

Wireless systems may be considered based on the building spatial functions, as well as constructability within the facility. The University is restricting the deployment of wireless control systems within facilities and spaces where research is being performed due to possible interference and security issues. Where deployed, wireless system devices (wall box controls, interfaces, etc) are preferred to require a line voltage source for power and not solely battery operated. Battery operated devices shall be avoided unless approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group. Self-generating power sourced devices will be considered and approved on a case-by-case basis. 900 MHz or 300 Mhz nominal is required. All wireless systems must obtain prior approval from Engineering Services Electrical Group and Facilities Automation Services. Where a network based system is warranted, refer to system controller requirements under the Hardwired Digital, Building-Wide Integration, Network Based Systems section. Where batteries are provided, provide a note requiring the Contractor to document the serial numbers, battery type, as-built locations of every battery-powered lighting control device and battery inverter and provide this information to Engineering Services Electrical Group and Penn State OPP Work Control for Preventive Maintenance purposes of battery group-replacement at 90% of rated battery life.

Power Over Ethernet (POE)

POE is not acceptable because of programming and maintenance challenges.

Standalone Analog Lighting Controls

Standalone Analog Lighting Controls are typically line-voltage devices not part of a lighting network.  These may be deployed in limited areas in new construction and major renovations (such as mechanical rooms); in smaller renovations to supplement the reuse of existing stand-alone lighting controls; and in maintenance applications.  Provide means of HVAC interfacing: provide occupancy sensors with auxiliary contacts or power relay packs with auxiliary contacts as necessary to provide the status of space occupancy information. Confirm in design.

Approved System Manufacturers:

Wattstopper, Sensor Switch, Leviton, Lutron, and additional manufacturers as approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group.  Discuss design with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

DMX

DMX systems will not be accepted unless prior approval is given by Engineering Services Electrical Group.  Discuss proposed DMX system prior to developing schematic basis of design documents or pricing documents.  Where approval is given, look for design techniques to simplify and limit the deployment of DMX devices. 

DALI

DALI systems and proprietary DALI-like systems will not be accepted unless prior approval is given by Engineering Services Electrical Group.  One reliability concern is loss of system functionality when communication to the central processor is lost.

Control System Deployment

Hardwired Networked Lighting Control Systems shall be deployed at:

• New Buildings
• Major renovations of greater than 75% of one floor level or more than 10,000 square feet.

Notes:

• Smaller renovations must typically have hardwired standalone lighting control systems.
• Smaller renovations may reuse existing lighting controls, including analog controls, if current energy codes are met.
• For maintenance of existing controls: Replace devices in kind and program as necessary to achieve original functionality.
• Discuss with Engineering Services Electrical Group any proposed deviations from this approach in design prior to bid. 
• Perform due diligence to determine if connecting to existing networked lighting control system, if any exists in the building, is feasible and practical. Coordinate specification of new system with Engineering Services Electrical Group.
• Phased construction: Ensure all phases of work receive network lighting control systems by a single, common manufacturer. For phased construction, the system may start as a hardwired standalone lighting control system deployment.  However, the network cabling and components shall be included as part of the project and completed based on the building phasing approach. Provide network cabling routing/connections above ceiling and extend network cable to electrical room as provision for final system controller. The terminations and connections to the system controller shall be made in appropriate future phase. Ensure final commissioning of the multi-phase project is performed.
• For renovations, Perform due diligence to determine if connecting to existing networked lighting control system, if any exists in the building, is feasible and practical. Coordinate specification of new system with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Exterior Lighting Controls

Exterior building mount “Night” lights shall be controlled through lighting contactors via the Central Control System (CCS).  Refer to the “SITE/NIGHT LIGHTING” section of the BAS Specification for requirements. Contactors shall be fail-safe with device failure to “on”.

Exterior “Site” (walkway, roadway, and parking) lights shall be controlled from the CCS through lighting contactors, utilizing 4-20mA CT’s to confirm circuit activation.  Refer to the “SITE/NIGHT LIGHTING” section of the BAS Specification for requirements and discuss options with Engineering Services Electrical Group. Contactors shall be fail-safe with device failure to “on”. Exterior “Site” lighting is important for safety and therefore the connected lighting power is not permitted to be automatically reduced, without prior approval by Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Contact Engineering Services Electrical Group for typical details related to exterior lighting controls where not included in these standards.

General Requirements

Warranty

Lighting Controls Warranty: Minimum of five years from the date of project substantial completion.  Require that should any defect develop during the 5-year warranty period due to improper materials or workmanship, the defect and associated work disturbed shall be made good by the contractor at no expense to the Owner.

Installation

Deploy “remote” devices such as room controllers, local network devices and other “back-of-house” devices in a common location throughout the project area. Example: install all room controllers (relay packs, etc) concealed above accessible ceilings within the room being controlled, just inside the doorway of the room; install all networking equipment above the ceiling adjacent to the room controller when deployed. Locations of devices shall be similar in each room where possible, and coordinated in-field with Engineering Services Electrical Group at the time of installation.

Where directed, provide label on ceiling grid noting equipment located above if deployment is uncommon or special deployments are required for a specific area or space.

Provide labeling of all line-voltage conductor branch circuitry at the lighting control equipment terminals; label shall indicate panelboard and circuit number serving device.

Contractor and lighting control system programmer shall coordinate all device and room naming and numbering conventions within lighting control software with Engineering Services Electrical Group and Facilities Automation Services prior to final system programming and turnover. Architectural construction documents shall not be assumed correct for final naming and room number conventions.

All digital interface cabling (e.g. CAT 5/6 as specified) shall be deployed incorporating a color-specific outer cable jacket. All cables shall remain the same color throughout the building, regardless of location or installation parameters. Coordinate jacket color selection with Engineering Services Electrical Group (Standard is in development at the time of this writing). Cable color shall not replicate IT Data/Comm or BAS cable colors within the same facility.

All digital interfacing and control cabling shall be installed as indicated. All cable shall be plenum rated regardless of installation methods:

Above accessible suspended ceilings:  Cables shall be installed on J-hooks, cable tray, or other dedicated support structure. Cables shall not be directly fastened to the outside of raceways or other building structures.

Above concealed, non-accessible ceilings: Cables shall be installed in raceways.

Within open ceiling structures: Cables shall be installed in raceways or dedicated cable tray systems where deployed. Open support structures shall be avoided unless approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Inside wall cavities: Cables shall be installed in raceways from device box to above ceiling. Install above ceiling as indicated for ceiling types.

Exposed: Cables shall be installed in raceways.

All ceiling mounted occupancy sensors must be located beyond the manufacturer’s minimum specified distance from all supply air registers to avoid detector false triggering. Ultrasonic technologies will not be permitted to be “programmed-off” where installation is not per manufacturer’s recommendations. Detector relocations will be required if the spacing is not adequate based on field conditions. All costs to relocate the detectors will be incurred by the installing contractor. Deploy “corner” mounted sensors mounted to ceiling or wall with physically adjustable housings for “aiming” where possible to avoid potential conflicts with the ceiling mounted air supply diffusers.

Specify an allowance for additional occupancy sensors included as part of contract for field related coverage issues on all larger projects. Allowance shall be representative of a 10% quantity based on total project sensor quantities. Sensors will only be provided to rectify operational issues, and not for post-project attic-stock.

Design Process

Lighting Designer and Design Engineer should engage early in design with Engineering Services Electrical Group. 

Design Engineer shall review/confirm the lighting controls intent and lighting controls sequence of operations in design development with Engineering Services Electrical Group

Require in the contract documents that the successful controls vendor submit final layout drawings for review and approval as part of the shop drawing submittals.  Include that the Vendor may have to modify their layout from that designed, as necessary to meet vendor-specific requirements or limitations.  No extra costs to be allowed.

Construction Documents

Lighting Control Device Schedule: For each device on the lighting control device schedule, include: brief description, basis of design manufacturer and model number, and applicable notes.

Lighting Plans: Include power/relay pack locations/quantities. Indicate control zones with lowercase letters by each device.

In addition to symbol legend, lighting plans, luminaire schedule and notes, etc., provide:

Lighting control diagrams: for typical spaces in addition to overall network riser diagram, including normal and emergency power devices such as power packs and luminaires, low voltage devices such as switches and sensors, control wiring such as 0-10V dimming, system controller(s) and connection to BAS, wireless components, etc. Include detailed notes specific to the project.  List the basis of design lighting controls manufacturer and the product model  number for each component. List other approved lighting controls manufacturers as coordinated with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Sequence of Operations schedule: for each typical room type, and each special application. This should include a brief narrative of each space to show the control philosophy, including how the system responds when occupant enters, when occupied, when occupant exits. Include occupancy/vacancy sensor mode, lighting level settings, times (in minutes), timeclock settings where applicable, and method of HVAC interface. Describe the system performance during loss of normal power.

Scene schedules: for each typical scene, include the scene name and dim level for each control zone.

Schematic Design and Basis of Design documents: Include Control Intent Narrative, lighting controls system basis of design, brief foundation of the sequence of operations, and performance of the system in loss of normal power.  The Control Intent Narrative shall include: schedule, lighting types including general/specialty/egress/emergency, occupancy and vacancy sensing, daylight harvesting, scene settings, personal controls, high/low trims, BAS and A/V integration, shading control, adaptive response (based on time or condition), etc.

Record Drawings: Provide updates to lighting plans, notes, lighting control diagrams, sequence of operations, schedules, etc.

Construction

The Design Engineer must note the following meeting on construction documents:

Contractor shall review/confirm control intent and sequence of operations in construction documents prior to electrical rough-in with the following in a joint meeting: Engineering Services Electrical Group, Facilities Automation Services, Lighting Vendor Representative, Commissioning Agent, Electrical Contractor, Design Engineer, PSU Construction Services / Project Manager, with invitations to Engineering Services Mechanical Group Engineer, PSU Area Electrician, PSU Facility Coordinator, PSU Supervisor of Electrical & Electronics.  T

Control System Programming, Start-Up and Commissioning

The following shall be conveyed to the installer for required system programming, start-up, and commissioning actions:

1. Contractor shall provide the lighting controls on-site field services technician accurate documentation of equipment locations as deployed within the facility for on-site programming and system start-up. Construction floor plans shall be used to convey this information. Each deployed device location shall include the device model and serial number on the plan. Use of the device “box” labels shall be permitted to be used. Contractor shall review this approach with Engineering Services Electrical Group prior to implementing the documentation.
2. All network (e.g. cat5/6) cabling shall be tested prior to the system start-up and corrective actions performed (repair/replacement) prior to the start-up activities to minimize on-site delays during start-up. Contractor shall provide cable ringing testing reports seven (7) days prior to the start-up date.
3. All building-wide networked systems requiring integration with the university building automation systems (BAS) shall be coordinated with the OPP Facilities Automation Network Administration Supervisor. Networked lighting control systems will require specific network settings within the software to provide error-free communications with the university BAS system. All IP address requests shall be made as early as possible in the construction timeline to avoid delays in system setup, programming, and integration with the BAS system.
4. All building-wide networked systems start-up and commissioning shall require PSU OPP personnel be on-site for all start-up and commissioning functions. Calendar events shall be coordinated and prioritized based on the OPP personnel availability. Provide minimum 10 day notice.
5. Contractor shall provide final networked systems program and/or databases to OPP Engineering Services Electrical Group upon final acceptance of system.
6. Daylight harvesting controls shall be commissioned during overcast as well as clear-sky days to confirm the proper sensor settings for valid operation.

   Manufacturer/vendor/contractor shall assume multiple day cx is necessary to fulfill this requirement. Commissioning efforts shall include the following activities:

1. 1. Daylight harvesting sensors shall be calibrated during system programming in-field to satisfy spatial illumination requirements based on field measurements with a certified and/or calibrated hand-held light meter. The sensor light level readings shall not be used to determine final spatial illumination targets. Sensor light level readings shall only be used to determine the permissible dimming range of the lighting source to satisfy the spatial illumination target while in daylight harvest mode.
   2. All furnishings and interior finishes shall be installed prior to calibrating the sensors.
   3. Photo sensors shall be adjusted to determine the threshold for dimming based on the detected light level.
   4. Closed-loop systems shall be calibrated under normal daylight and dusk conditions
   5. Daylight harvesting deployments shall be programmed to react to natural lighting conditions using extended transition times between full output of electric lighting and dimmed levels (and opposite actions) to achieve spatial target values. Transition periods shall be coordinated with Engineering Services Electrical Group.
   6. Daylight harvesting shall not turn fixtures off, unless otherwise approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group. All harvesting functions shall be programmed for dimming.

       7. Require that the lighting control elements be properly set and tested for optimal operation.  Commissioning agent shall provide a report for the following systems (edit as required for the project):

1. 1. Daylight harvesting
   2. Occupancy/Vacancy sensors
   3. Interface of BAS for CCS dusk/dawn signals.  Also review the settings of the BAS CT’s and run tests to confirm when CCS is signaled due to loss of multiple lamps/ballasts
   4. Dimming Systems
   5. Emergency relays (similar to Bodine GTD)
   6. Networked and non-networked digital lighting control systems including all control system function, scheduling event, and networking operational parameters. Commissioning will not be considered complete until the University provides assigned IP addresses for the networked system and communication is proven successful.
   7. Engineering Services Electrical Group shall be invited to attend these sessions.  Provide at least 7 days notice prior to any session.

      8 .Turn over lighting controls network login credentials – including app / programming access – to Engineering Services Electrical Group.

      9. Test the lighting control system performance during normal conditions and test loss-of-normal-power scenario to ensure the lighting control system automatically regains full control when normal  power is restored.

Automatic Lighting Controls Components

All interior building spaces (except mechanical and electrical rooms) shall be controlled via automatic means, typically occupancy sensors or vacancy sensors, with daylight sensors for additional energy savings where deployed. Paths of egress shall be illuminated at all times under normal operating conditions, based on Engineering Services Electrical Group illumination target levels and not to fall below minimum code illumination levels.

Occupancy Sensor Requirements

Utilize primarily ceiling or aimable wall/ceiling mount as they provide better coverage than wallbox style.  Deploy wall mounted sensors where possible to minimize HVAC air stream conflicts with sensors using ultrasonic technology. Provide quantity of sensors for full coverage of the space.

Use “vandal-resistant” models for wallbox mounting in individual bathrooms and small public rooms.

Dual-technology is typically preferred, but consider whether the use of one technology over another is more appropriate for specific applications.

When ceiling/wall sensors are used, provide manual switch(es) on the load side to allow manual-on and user control.

HVAC control: auxiliary relay for HVAC control.

Daylight Sensor Requirements

Daylight harvesting deployments shall follow the latest adopted version of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC).

Sensors shall incorporate open or closed loop sensing technology using integral photodiodes. Sensor technology deployments (open/closed-loop) shall be discussed with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Sensors shall be line-voltage, or low-voltage devices based on stand-alone or digital system deployments.

Sensors shall offer dimming control and on/off control options for controlled loads.

Combination daylight/occupancy sensors are acceptable, but only where the performance of both functions is suitable for full occupancy coverage and ideal daylight control: otherwise provide separate sensors.

Provide wall box timer switches for Telephone, Mechanical, Janitor, and similar rooms.  Switch(es) must give visual warning 5 minutes and audible/visual warning 1 minute before lights turn off, similar to Legrand Wattstopper TS-400.  Refer to Pennsylvania State University Lighting Design & Commissioning Matrix outlining required time delay settings for each space where deployed.

General

All components must be UL listed for the purpose.

Ultraviolet (UV) Lighting Controls

Discuss UV Lighting control requirements with PSU OPP Engineering Services Electrical Group, PSU Environmental Health & Safety, PSU Facilities Automation Services, and PSU OPP Facility Coordinator. UV lighting in laboratories requires complex and detailed sequences of operation to ensure UV lighting is ON when required for research; is monitored for current – with real-time alerts when the measured current does not match the expected current; is Auto-OFF when occupants are detected; has a delayed-ON after audible and visible warnings within the lab environment; is ON in conjunction with an illuminated UV-In-Use warning sign outside the laboratory; is standalone in the sense that it may utilize basis of design lighting control components but it must not be networked to the normal illumination lighting control system.

Vivarium Lighting Controls

Discuss Vivarium Lighting control requirements with PSU OPP Engineering Services Electrical Group and PSU OPP Facility Coordinator. Refer to PSU Typical Vivarium Lighting Control Diagram.  This diagram features analog and digital lighting controls working together for time-based and manual-based lighting control of both red and white lighting.  Most Lighting control components are mounted in a lockable NEMA-(confirm environment) enclosure, with some manual controls mounted adjacent to the enclosure.