Lighting Design

General

1. Refer to the Pennsylvania State University Lighting Design & Commissioning Matrix.
2. Refer to Section 26 09 00 Instrumentation and Control for Electrical Systems.
3. Consider safety-by-design techniques to minimize safety hazards in operations/maintenance of luminaires throughout the life-cycle. For example: high mounting heights in atria can be problematic. Consider remote mount drivers where fixture mounting heights exceed twenty (20) feet, or access to luminaires is restricted.
4. Base bid shall utilize dimmable LED source and controls for all general lighting.  Discuss luminaire application with Engineering Services Electrical Group.
5. The Illuminating Engineering Society’s Recommended Practices shall be used as a standard for lighting levels.  Provide a spreadsheet showing all room names and numbers along with target illumination levels.
6. Specify the proper disposal of mercury containing lamps per PSU Policy SY-31 and PCB ballasts per PSU Policy SY-26 for all renovation work.
7. Minimize discomfort glare in normally occupied areas. Refer to the latest guidance in WELL, LEED and IES RP-1 concerning luminance thresholds. In regularly occupied spaces, to avoid discomfort glare, luminaires with luminances at higher angles should be less than 8,000 cd/m² for luminaires normally viewable by occupants. Where the proposed lighting design includes luminaire luminances expected to exceed 8,000 cd/m² for luminaires normally viewable by occupants, provide engineering justification for review and approval by Engineering Services Electrical Group in design development. Practically, this means linear luminaires with small lens dimensions (e.g. 2-inch or less) should not be specified, or should be specified with precise lens optics and/or baffles to satisfy Engineering Services Electrical Group glare concerns.

Submittals and Construction Documents

1. The professional shall submit PDF computer-generated point-by-point calculations of electric lighting for interior spaces to Engineering Services Electrical Group for review.  The use of certain “typical” rooms shall be acceptable. Point levels shall be legible, shown on a scaled drawing.  All pertinent calculation parameters shall be indicated, highlight where the design is non-IES compliant.  Engineering Services Electrical Group will provide direction and variance where deemed adequate.  Utilize AGI-32 full calculation mode or Acuity Brands “Visual”.
2. Provide a PDF copy of the Luminaire cutsheets with every review submittal showing lighting layouts.  The Luminaire cutsheets shall be marked up with fixture types corresponding to the fixture identification on plans. Booklet shall be in color and include the light fixture schedule as well as target illumination levels and proposed lighting controls. Include point-by-point calculation results and summary table with submittals.
3. Include the luminaire fixture schedule within the drawings, not within the specifications.  As-built drawings shall include final installed luminaire information.

Classrooms

For ceilings up to 10 feet, use high quality lensed “volumetric” recessed LED luminaires. Fixtures shall incorporate 0-10v, 1% dimming LED drivers. Common space luminaires described above shall be considered where performance criteria provide required illumination levels.

In certain applications, utilize high quality pendant mount indirect/direct LED lighting (with fully separate indirect and direct components) for large lecture halls, as long as luminaires do not interfere with sight-lines and ceiling-mount projection equipment.

Refer to the Classroom & Technology Design and Construction minimum requirements for additional information.

Elevators

Refer to 26 00 01 .10 – B Elevator Service and Support and locally adopted code for applicable illumination requirements.

Remote Drivers

Remote drivers shall be installed per manufacturer’s requirements. Where remote drivers are specified, show each location on construction documents, including circuitry routing. Ensure drivers are accessible and circuitry is routed in EMT conduit.

Ultraviolet (UV) Lighting

UV lighting shall not be installed in luminaires that provide illumination in the visible spectrum. Refer to 26 09 23 Lighting Control Devices and Systems for UV control requirements.

Lamps

The use of LED lamps in all luminaires is standard and highly recommended. However, there are instances where fluorescent technology may be deployed where approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group. Incandescent lamps are not permitted.

CCT and CRI

All LEDs shall incorporate a 4000 kelvin temperature CCT, and a minimum of 80 CRI; Minimum L70 of 60,000 hours, and minimum efficacy of 90 lumens per watt.  Require testing to IES LM-79 and LM-80 standards and life calculations based on IES TM-21. Coordinate CCT and color qualities (TM-30) for special applications with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Variable correlated color temperature (Tunable White) LED systems shall be permitted where approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group. Systems shall offer a range of temperature control from 2700K through 6000K, dimming control from 100% to 1%, and shall offer compatibility with any LED dimming driver/controller including 0-10V, DALI, DMX, etc. Controller types and deployments shall be reviewed with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

LED lamps

Linear LED lamps are permitted to replace linear fluorescent lamps in accordance with the following requirements:

• UL Type A (ballast remains) is not recommended
• UL Type B (ballast eliminated) is recommended for non-dimming areas.  The Double-ended type is recommended (Line voltage on one end and Neutral on the other), but the Single-ended type is permitted (Line and Neutral at one end of the lamp). Provide new sockets if required by the lamp manufacturer. Affix OPP safety label and manufacturer-provided label to each modified luminaire. Indicate the installation date on the lamp.
• UL Type C is permitted, for luminaires with dimming.
• Engineering Services Electrical Group must review the intended application and manufacturer prior to install.
• LED lamps connecting to a ballast with end-of-life circuit protection shall not be used for normal/emergency or emergency illumination requirements.
• Verify compatibility with controls, including dimming, if applicable
• Mixed types are not permitted within a single luminaire.

General

Luminaire LED boards shall be field serviceable and replaceable. LED luminaires not meeting this requirement must be reviewed and approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Unless otherwise approved, 48-inch linear fluorescent lamps shall be “extra-long life”, either full-wattage (32-watt) T8, or the reduced wattage (28-watt) T8.  Typically use low-wattage but confirm selection with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

The use of other fluorescent lamps is discouraged.  Linear T5HO (high-output ) fluorescent lamps are allowed where design applications exist, but only as approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Compact fluorescent lamps shall not be specified.  LED luminaires or lamps shall be specified instead.

Coordinate other lamp wattages and styles with Engineering Services Electrical Group prior to specification.

Where permitted, fluorescent lamps shall incorporate a 4100Kelvin color temperature and a minimum CRI of 82.

1. Qualifying extra-long life 32 watt T8, 48 inch linear lamps are as follows:
   1. GE Super Long Life:  F32T8/SXL/SPX41/ECO
   2. Philips XLL:  F32T8/TL841/XLL/ALTO
   3. Sylvania Octron XP/XL:  FO32/841/XP/XL/ECO3
2. Qualifying reduced wattage T8, 48 inch linear lamps are as follows:
   1. GE Ecolux UltraMax:  F28T8/XL/SPX41/ECO
   2. Philips XLL:  F32T8/ADV841/XLL/ALTO 28W
   3. Sylvania Octron XP/XL:  F028/841/XP/XL/SS/ECO3

Require that the contractor obtain all similar lamp types through one source from a single manufacturer.

Dimming: All dimming luminaires shall be LED.  Most applications only require a minimum dimming range of 5% to 10%.  Confirm the use of 1% dimming with Engineering Services Electrical Group.

CFL Lamp Disposal and Cleanup:  Refer to PSU Environmental Health and Safety data sheet for disposal and/or cleanup of broken CFL lamps.

LED screw-in lamps using medium base, GU24, GU10, bi-pin etc.  shall be approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group prior to specification.  PSU prefers purpose-built LED luminaires over socket-based solutions. Lamps shall provide flicker-free dimming to 10% where permitted or required.

Ballasts and Drivers

General

Specify an in-line disconnect to meet NEC.  Further require that the lighting manufacturer provide a “wire nut” connection on the load side of the disconnect, to facilitate ballast replacement.

In unconditioned areas or areas with high ambient temperatures expected, drivers must be rated for high temperature environment.

Ballasts

Fluorescent ballasts shall be NEMA “premium” efficiency, electronic, CBM and ETL approved with a sound rating of A.  Ballast shall also be Class P, thermal cut-out switch, rated where required by U.L.  Investigate use of high or low ballast factor as part of the illumination calculations.  Linear ballasts shall be as follows:

1. PRS (programmed rapid start ballast) with parallel lamp operation – use with occupancy sensors or in frequent switching applications.
   1. Advance “Optanium” (PRS)
   2. GE “UltraStart”
   3. Sylvania “PROStart”
   4. Universal “ULTim8” (PRS, HE)
2. IS (instant start ballast) – use with manual switched lighting and unswitched emergency luminaires.
   1. Advance “Optanium” (IS)
   2. GE “UltraMax”
   3. Sylvania “QHE”
   4. Universal “ULTim8” (IS, HE)

Provide label sticker on each fluorescent luminaire ballast chamber (in 1/8” lettering) to read either “___V; Instant-Start; _.__ Ballast Factor” or “___V; Program-Start; _.__ Ballast Factor” (insert the voltage and ballast factor in each underlined space).  As an example, label might read “120V; Program Start; 0.88 Ballast Factor.”  Label is to be visible when luminaire cover is opened or, for indirect luminaires, when viewed from a ladder looking into the fixture.

LED Drivers

All LED deployed luminaires shall include field replaceable LED drivers capable of access without removal of ceiling systems or other building components to replace or service the driver.

LED drivers shall have the following characteristics (unless approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group):

• Maximum drive current:  350mA.
• Minimum Efficiency:  85%.
• Operating Temperature Range:  -40°C to 50°C.
• Minimum Rated Life:  50,000 hours.
• Dimming range:  100% to 10%
• UL Class I or II output.
• Power Factor:  90%.
• Total Harmonic Distortion:  20%.
• Comply with FCC 47 CFR part 15 non-consumer RFI/EMI standards.
• Consult Engineering Services Electrical Group as to acceptable manufacturers.

Luminaires

General

All luminaires shall be UL or CSA/US approved and labeled.

Luminaire Applications:  Refer to the Pennsylvania State University Lighting Design & Commissioning Matrix.

Luminaire schedules shall include a minimum of three manufacturers to provide competitive pricing.

Luminaire Performance

Luminaire performance and technical specifications shall be similar to the following chart.

Retrofit kits: Retrofit kits may be an opportunity for stewardship and sustainable design. However, the technical and performance characteristics of this section apply for each intended application of retrofit kits. Luminaire retrofit kits shall be evaluated based on present market pricing as compared to new luminaire installations. All luminaire retrofit applications shall be approved by Engineering Services Electrical Group and satisfy the requirements in this specification section. No luminaire or lamp modification may void the UL listing.

Installation

When approved, luminaires (such as recessed 2x2 luminaires) shall be installed such that they are aligned in the same relative orientation from one fixture to the next.

Cleaning:  All luminaires shall be thoroughly cleaned and clear from dust, paint, construction debris and fingerprints after all other trades are complete, but prior to the date of substantial completion.

Ensure proper aiming and orientation of adjustable luminaires and wall washer luminaires, as coordinated with the design engineer and Engineering Services Electrical Group.

Commissioning

The luminaires shall be properly commissioned/tested with the lighting controls to ensure proper operation, zones, scenes, emergency operation, BAS and CCS dusk/dawn signals, and other control settings. Ensure that after a simulated power outage the luminaires and lighting controls automatically regain normal functionality.

Refer to 26 09 00 “Instrumentation and control for electrical systems” for lighting controls commissioning requirements.

 As-Built Documentation

Require that the Luminaire Schedule be emended on the as-built documents to reflect the actual products installed.

Require that the contractor provide an Excel spreadsheet of the as-built Luminaire Schedule to PSU that includes the information above, including warranty information of lamps, ballasts, LED modules, LED drivers and contact information regarding each luminaire and/or component.

Require that all digital lighting control systems devices be located and labeled to reflect actual products installed and final locations.

Spare Parts

Discuss with Engineering Services Electrical Group what spare parts to require in the specifications.  The University will typically decline any and all spare parts stocking unless otherwise directed by Engineering Services Electrical Group for special fixture or deployment types.

Warranty

Provide luminaires with minimum 5-year warranty.